Tree Dispute Solutions for Neighbours in New South Wales

Disputes regarding trees between neighbours are alarmingly more common than most individuals might think, frequently leading to unnecessary stress that could be easily averted. As experienced arborists, we routinely receive inquiries from both parties embroiled in these conflicts. In many cases, these disputes could have been resolved more swiftly through the provision of accurate information and a straightforward conversation. This detailed guide offers essential insights into handling tree disputes in New South Wales (NSW), including proactive measures to implement before matters escalate.

Essential Considerations for Effectively Managing Tree Disputes

The information provided in this article is general in nature and should not be interpreted as legal advice. Each tree dispute is distinct and involves specific facts and circumstances. If you find yourself involved in a serious disagreement, it is crucial to consult a qualified solicitor before proceeding further.

Familiarise Yourself with the Legal Framework for Tree Disputes in NSW

In NSW, the Trees (Disputes Between Neighbours) Act 2006 (NSW) establishes the legal framework for resolving disputes concerning trees. This legislation grants the Land and Environment Court (LEC) the authority to impose specific actions regarding a tree, which may include pruning, removal, or ongoing management, particularly when a tree on a neighbouring property:

• Is causing damage to your property
• Could potentially pose a risk of injury to an individual
• Significantly obstructs sunlight or your view
• Interferes with solar panels installed on your property

It is essential to understand several critical points before taking further action:

• This Act applies exclusively to private land. Trees located on council land, street trees, and those in parks are governed separately by your local council.
• The Act only pertains to trees situated on adjoining properties and does not extend to trees that are not in close proximity.
• The Land and Environment Court should be seen as a last resort, rather than the first step. The guidance provided below aims to assist you in resolving disputes before reaching this critical stage.

What Actions Can You Undertake Without Neighbour Approval?

Prior to engaging with legal frameworks, you can exercise your common law rights to:

• Trim branches and roots that extend onto your property, returning them to the boundary line
• You do not need to seek your neighbour’s permission to undertake this action
• You must return the cut materials to the tree owner; discarding them on their side of the fence is prohibited
• You cannot enter your neighbour’s property without their explicit consent
• You must avoid causing unnecessary harm to the tree during this process

Essential Check Before You Proceed: Certain trees in Newcastle and the Hunter Region are protected by local council Tree Preservation Orders or may be classified as heritage-listed. A protected tree maintains its status even if branches extend over your property line. Always verify your council’s tree permit register before undertaking any cuts — failing to do so may lead to penalties.

Follow This Comprehensive Process to Effectively Resolve Tree Disputes

Step 1: Collect Thorough Evidence Before Taking Action

Before approaching your neighbour or contacting any other parties, it is crucial to compile a thorough file of evidence:

• Take photographs with timestamps and ensure that location data is enabled
• Record the dates of any discussions regarding the tree
• Document any damage incurred, such as cracked pathways, plumbing issues, roof damage, or diminished solar output
• If your solar panels are impacted, gather generation data to illustrate the decline in output, providing measurable evidence that is compelling.

Step 2: Initiate a Calm Conversation with Your Neighbour

This may seem straightforward; however, it is frequently the step that many overlook — and it resolves the majority of disputes. Numerous neighbours may be unaware that their tree is causing issues.

If a face-to-face conversation feels uncomfortable, consider drafting a letter instead. Maintain a factual and calm tone while clearly outlining the issue, specifying your requests, and providing a reasonable timeframe for a response. Always retain a copy of all correspondence for your records.

Step 3: Obtain an Independent Arborist Evaluation for Objective Insight

This step often proves to be the most effective action throughout the entire process — and it should take place prior to any legal measures, before council involvement, and ideally before mediation occurs.

Here’s how an independent arborist assessment can be advantageous:

• Offers an objective evaluation of the tree’s condition and risk level — based on factual evidence rather than subjective opinions
• Provides both parties with the same information to work from, frequently facilitating a quicker resolution
• Creates a written record indicating that a risk was identified and communicated — this is crucial for liability if the tree later causes damage
• Identifies necessary actions required — complete removal is often not necessary
• Holds significant weight in any subsequent LEC application

Waratah Professional Tree Care offers onsite arborist consultations starting from $110 for assessments involving up to three trees across Newcastle, Lake Macquarie, Maitland, and Port Stephens.
For inquiries, contact Steven Brown at 0414 706 653.

Please note: For formal arborist reports required for LEC proceedings, you will need a report from an AQF Level 5 Consulting Arborist.
We can assist in directing you to the appropriate resources during your consultation.

Step 4: Engage Your Local Council When Necessary

Before proceeding with further action, reach out to your local council if:

• The tree may be protected by a Tree Preservation Order
• The tree is situated on council land or a street verge — never attempt to prune or remove a council tree yourself
• The tree is heritage listed
• The tree presents an immediate danger — councils are obligated to respond to emergencies involving trees on public land

Contact Numbers for Councils in the Hunter Region:

• City of Newcastle: 02 4974 2000
• Lake Macquarie City Council: 02 4921 0333
• Maitland City Council: 02 4934 9700
• Port Stephens Council: 02 4980 0255
• Cessnock Council: 02 4993 4100

Step 5: Explore Free Mediation Options Before Escalation

Before considering court action, contemplate utilising NSW Fair Trading’s Community Justice Centres. This free mediation service is accessible to all residents of NSW.

• There are no costs associated with this service
• Legal representation is not required
• This process is significantly quicker than court proceedings
• A trained mediator assists both parties in reaching a voluntary agreement
• Agreements reached during mediation can be made binding if both parties consent

This step alone resolves a considerable number of disputes that reach this stage. It is always worthwhile to attempt mediation before incurring legal expenses.

To learn more or to apply: visit the NSW Fair Trading website or call 13 32 20.

Step 6: Navigating the Process in the Land and Environment Court

If you have exhausted all previous steps, the LEC serves as the formal legal pathway under the Trees Act.

Is legal representation necessary? Not necessarily. The LEC Class 2 jurisdiction is designed to be accessible for individuals without legal representation, and many applicants successfully represent themselves. However, if your situation involves extensive property damage, personal injury claims, or complex heritage issues, it is advisable to seek legal advice before filing.

Possible Court Orders May Include:

• Pruning or ongoing management of the tree
• Complete removal
• Compensation for any damage incurred
• A deadline by which the tree owner must carry out necessary works

Factors Considered by the Court:

• The nature and severity of the issue
• Whether reasonable steps were taken to resolve the matter beforehand — this is why Steps 1 to 5 are crucial
• The value of the tree to its owner and the surrounding community
• Whether the tree is protected, heritage listed, or holds ecological significance
• For solar panels: documented evidence demonstrating reduced energy generation

Filing fees may apply. Please check the NSW Land and Environment Court website for current fees before submitting your application.

Solar Panels: Your Position Might Be Stronger Than You Think

If a neighbouring tree obstructs your solar panels, your standing under the Trees Act is indeed more robust than a general claim regarding sunlight or view. The Act specifically addresses interference with solar panels on residential properties, and the courts have exhibited a willingness to mandate actions where measurable generation loss can be substantiated.

The types of evidence that are most valuable include:

• Solar generation data demonstrating output levels before and after the obstruction occurred
• A report from your solar installer confirming that the obstruction is the cause of the issue
• An arborist assessment identifying the specific growth responsible for the obstruction

We recommend consulting with a solicitor to review the current state of case law regarding disputes involving solar panels prior to filing — this area continues to evolve through decisions made by the LEC.

Addressing Hazardous Trees: When Immediate Action is Required

If you suspect that a neighbour’s tree poses a genuine risk of falling and causing injury or significant damage, do not hesitate to take action. Follow these steps promptly:

• Document the tree immediately by taking photographs — capture everything visible
• Send a written notification to your neighbour clearly outlining the perceived risk. This ensures there is a record that they have been informed.
• Contact your council’s compliance team — councils possess the authority to issue orders for privately owned trees in certain circumstances where public safety is at risk
• If you believe the risk is imminent, reach out to NSW Police or your council’s emergency contact line

A written arborist assessment that clearly establishes the risk, delivered to your neighbour, is often sufficient to prompt action without necessitating formal proceedings.

Navigating Tree Disputes Involving Rental Properties

Disputes regarding trees can become more complicated when a rental property is involved. Here’s how each situation typically unfolds.

What To Do When the Tree is on the Rental Property and Your Neighbour Complains

If a neighbour raises concerns about a tree situated on your rental property — the protocol is clear:

You do not have the authority to make decisions regarding trees on a property you rent. That responsibility lies with the landlord.

• Avoid agreeing to anything, making promises, or organising any work on the tree
• Calmly inform your neighbour that you are a tenant and do not have the authority to manage tree-related issues
• Promptly report the complaint to your property manager in writing — using email is ideal as it creates a dated record
• Include your neighbour’s contact details, the nature of the complaint, and any relevant photographs
• Follow up if you do not receive a timely response — particularly if safety concerns are involved

You are not liable for the tree. However, if you are aware of a complaint or safety risk and do not report it, your position may become precarious. Promptly reporting it in writing fulfills your obligation.

What To Do When the Problematic Tree is on a Neighbouring Rental Property

Do not waste time discussing the matter with the tenant next door; they lack the authority to address tree issues.

• Identify the property manager and contact them in writing, including photographs and a description of the issue
• If you cannot find the property manager, a title search through the NSW Land Registry will provide you with the landlord’s contact details for direct communication
• Property managers are required to promptly relay safety and damage complaints to the landlord. Follow up in writing if you do not receive a timely response and keep a record of every attempt
• If neither the property manager nor the landlord responds to documented safety concerns, escalate the matter to NSW Fair Trading mediation or the Land and Environment Court
• The LEC does not look kindly upon landlords who have been notified in writing of a known risk and failed to act. Your documented attempts at contact become crucial evidence.

What Responsibilities Do You Have as the Landlord?

As the landlord, you are responsible for managing the trees on your investment property, rather than your tenant or property manager.

• If your property manager has notified you of a tree complaint or safety issue and you fail to act, you expose yourself to liability
• Commission an arborist assessment as soon as a risk is raised — this establishes the facts objectively and demonstrates your commitment to addressing the issue
• Do not solely rely on your property manager’s judgement regarding tree safety. Seek an independent arborist opinion.

Frequently Asked Questions About Tree Disputes in NSW

Q: Who is liable for damages caused by my neighbour’s tree to my fence?

A: This depends on whether negligence can be established. If your neighbour was aware of the risk and failed to take action, they may be held liable. Conversely, if the failure was unforeseeable, typically, each party bears their own costs. A written arborist assessment establishing that the risk was known and communicated serves as key evidence in any negligence claim.

Q: Is legal representation necessary to pursue a tree dispute in the Land and Environment Court?

A: No — the LEC Class 2 jurisdiction is designed to be accessible for individuals without legal representation, and many individuals successfully represent themselves. However, for cases involving significant damage, injury, or complex heritage issues, seeking legal advice before filing is advisable.

Q: Can my neighbour prevent me from trimming branches that extend over my property line?

A: No — your common law right to trim back to the boundary is well established. However, you must avoid causing unnecessary damage to the tree, cannot access their property without permission, and should verify if the tree is protected under a local Tree Preservation Order before proceeding with any cuts.

Q: Are roots damaging my pipes or foundations covered under the Trees Act?

A: Yes. Damage caused by roots to underground pipes, foundations, and structures falls within the scope of the Act. Obtain a report from a plumber or builder confirming the roots as the cause, along with an arborist assessment — together, these documents create a strong case.

Q: What steps should I take if my neighbour ignores my written notification about a dangerous tree?

A: Their lack of action after receiving your written notification significantly strengthens your position — both for an LEC application and for any future negligence claim if the tree causes damage or injury. Keep all correspondence and escalate to NSW Fair Trading mediation or the LEC if they remain unresponsive.

Connect with Our Experienced Arborists for Expert Guidance Today

Are you facing a dispute with a neighbour over a tree?
Obtaining an independent arborist assessment is often the most efficient first step; it provides both parties with objective information and establishes a written record of any identified risks.
Waratah Professional Tree Care offers onsite consultations starting at $110 for assessments of up to three trees in Newcastle, Lake Macquarie, Maitland, and Port Stephens.
Feel free to call us at 0414 706 653 or book an appointment online.